Title:Endless Journey of Adenosine Signaling in Cardioprotective Mechanism of
Conditioning Techniques: Clinical Evidence
Volume: 19
Issue: 6
Author(s): Kuldeep Kumar, Nirmal Singh*, Harlokesh Narayan Yadav, Leonid Maslov and Amteshwar Singh Jaggi
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
Keywords:
Adenosine, cardiovascular disorders, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial ischemia, preconditioning, postconditioning.
Abstract: Myocardial ischemic injury is a primary cause of death among various cardiovascular
disorders. The condition occurs due to an interrupted supply of blood and vital nutrients (necessary
for normal cellular activities and viability) to the myocardium, eventually leading to damage. Restoration
of blood supply to ischemic tissue is noted to cause even more lethal reperfusion injury.
Various strategies, including some conditioning techniques, like preconditioning and postconditioning,
have been developed to check the detrimental effects of reperfusion injury. Many endogenous
substances have been proposed to act as initiators, mediators, and end effectors of these conditioning
techniques. Substances, like adenosine, bradykinin, acetylcholine, angiotensin, norepinephrine,
opioids, etc., have been reported to mediate cardioprotective activity. Among these
agents, adenosine has been widely studied and suggested to have the most pronounced cardioprotective
effects. The current review article highlights the role of adenosine signaling in the cardioprotective
mechanism of conditioning techniques. The article also provides an insight into various
clinical studies that substantiate the applicability of adenosine as a cardioprotective agent in myocardial
reperfusion injury.
