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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Review Article

New Insights into Neuropeptides Regulation of the Immune System and Hemopoiesis: Effects on Hematologic Malignancies

Author(s): Alessandro Allegra, Emanuela Sant’Antonio, Caterina Musolino and Roberta Ettari*

Volume 29, Issue 14, 2022

Published on: 06 January, 2022

Page: [2412 - 2437] Pages: 26

DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210914120228

Price: $65

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Abstract

Several neurotransmitters and neuropeptides were reported to join in or cooperate with different cells of the immune system, bone marrow, and peripheral cells. Numerous data support that neuroactive molecules might control immune system activity and hemopoiesis operating on lymphoid organs and the primary hematopoietic unit, the hematopoietic niche. Furthermore, many compounds seem to be able to take part in the leukemogenesis and lymphomagenesis process and in the onset of multiple myeloma. In this review, we will assess the possibility that neurotransmitters and neuropeptides may have a role in the onset of haematological neoplasms, may affect the response to treatment, or may represent a useful starting point for a new therapeutic approach. More in vivo investigations are needed to evaluate neuropeptide’s role in haematological malignancies and their possible utilization as an antitumor therapeutic target. Comprehending the effect of the pharmacological administration of neuropeptide modulators on hematologic malignancies opens up new possibilities in curing clonal hematologic diseases to achieve more satisfactory outcomes.

Keywords: Neurotransmitter, neuropeptides, hematopoiesis, immune system, hematological malignancies, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma.

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