Title:The Role of Celecoxib as a Potential Inhibitor in the Treatment of
Inflammatory Diseases - A Review
Volume: 29
Issue: 17
Author(s): Josiane Viana Cruz, Joaquín María Campos Rosa*, Njogu Mark Kimani, Silvana Giuliatti and Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
Affiliation:
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry,
Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, 68902-280, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Organic Chemistry. Faculty of Pharmacy. c/ Campus de Cartuja, s/n.
University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), SAS-University
of Granada, Granada, Spain
Keywords:
Inflammation, cyclooxygenase-2, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, celecoxib, ADME, toxicity.
Abstract: This article aims at reviewing celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment
of inflammatory diseases. The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) predominantly has
two isoforms called cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The
former plays a constitutive role related to homeostatic effects in renal and platelets, while
the latter is mainly responsible for the induction of inflammatory effects. Since COX-2
plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, it has been signaled
as a target for the planning of anti-inflammatory intermediates. Many inhibitors developed
and planned for COX-2 inhibition have presented side effects to humans, mainly in
the gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular tract. Therefore, it is necessary to design new
potential COX-2 inhibitors, which are relatively safe and have no side effects. In this
sense, celecoxib is the only potent, selective COX-2 inhibitor that is still commercially
available (within the “coxib” family). Thus, celecoxib became a commercial prototype inhibitor
for the development of anti-inflammatory agents for the COX-2 enzyme. This review
provides inhibition highlights that should provide a structural basis for the design of
promising new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which act as COX-2 inhibitors
with lesser side effects on the human body.