Title:Vaccine-Associated Neurological Adverse Events: A Case Report and Literature Review
Volume: 25
Issue: 43
Author(s): Maoqiang Tian, Jing Yang, Lei Li, Juan Li, Wenting Lei and Xiaomei Shu*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province,China
Keywords:
Vaccinations, neurological disorders, febrile seizure, vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis, encephalitis, Guillain-Barre
syndrome.
Abstract: Vaccination is an effective strategy to reduce the burden of preventable illness. However, many clinical
reports revealed that various vaccinations may associate with neurological disorders, mainly including autoimmune
disease, febrile seizure, and vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP). Although more and more
reports revealed that part of the above post-vaccine neurological disorders is not directly related to vaccination, it
may be merely a coincidence. However, these reports may increase the hesitancy on vaccination for the public
population and influence the coverage of vaccination. In this report, we described a child with acute flaccid paralysis
possibly caused by a poliovirus vaccine. To provide feasible ways to realize or reduce the risk of neurological
adverse events caused by vaccines, we further provide a mini-review of the literature of vaccination associated
with neurological adverse events. This revealed that oral poliomyelitis vaccine use exclusively and type 2
serotype poliomyelitis vaccine virus were the risk factors for VAPP. The combination vaccine was associated
with an increased risk of ADEM and FS following immunization when compared with the administration of vaccines
separately. Even though cases have been reported that vaccination may be a trigger of anti-NMDARe and
GBS, there is no direct evidence to prove that vaccination increased the risk of GBS and anti-NMDARe.