The Open Biomaterials Journal
is an Open Access online journal, which publishes Research
articles, Reviews and Letters in the field of biomaterials,
aiming at providing the most complete and reliable source
of information on current developments in the field.
Manuscripts may be submitted directly to tobiomtj@benthamopen.org.
Each peer-reviewed article that is published in a Bentham
OPEN Journal is universally and freely accessible via
the Internet in an easily readable and printable PDF format.
Online Manuscript Submission: An online
submission and tracking service via Internet facilitates
a speedy and cost-effective submission of manuscripts.1
The full manuscript has to be submitted online via Bentham's
Content Management System (CMS) at http://www.bentham-editorial.org/
View
Instructions
Alternatively, you may also submit your full manuscript
by e-mail to tobiomtj@benthamopen.org
Manuscripts must be submitted by one of the authors of the
manuscript, and should not be submitted by anyone on their
behalf. The principal/corresponding author will be required
to submit a Covering Letter along with the manuscript, on
behalf of all the co-authors (if any). The author(s) will
confirm that the manuscript (or any part of it) has not
been published previously or is not under consideration
for publication elsewhere. Furthermore, any illustration,
structure or table that has been published elsewhere must
be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must
be obtained.
For all online submissions, please provide your complete
manuscript in the form of a single zipped folder containing
soft copies of all the materials (main text in MS Word or
Tex/LaTeX), figures/illustrations in TIFF, PDF or JPEG,
and chemical structures drawn in ChemDraw (CDX)/ISISDraw
(TGF) as separate files, while a PDF version of the entire
manuscript must also be included, embedded with all the
figures/illustrations/tables/chemical structures etc.
A successful electronic submission of a manuscript will
be followed by a system-generated acknowledgement to the
principal/corresponding author within 72
hours of the dispatch of the manuscript. Any questions with
regards to the preparation of and submission of your manuscript
to the journal should be addressed to tobiomtj@benthamopen.org
and copied to ilyas@benthamscience.org.
NOTE: Any queries therein should be addressed
to oa@benthamscience.org
and copied to Jalil@benthamscience.org.
Manuscript Preparation: The manuscript
should be written in English in a clear, direct and active
style. All pages must be numbered sequentially, facilitating
in the reviewing and editing of the manuscript.
For further convenience, the customer support team available
at Bentham Publishing Services (www.benthampublishingservices.com)
can provide assistance to authors for the preparation of
manuscripts.
Manuscript Length:
Research Articles: The total number of
words for a published research article is from 4000 to 8000
words.
Review Articles: The total number of words
for a published comprehensive review article article is
from 8000 to 40000 words, and for mini-review articles from
3000 to 6000 words.
Letter Articles: The total number of words
for a published letter/short communication article is from
3000 to 6000 words.
There is no restriction on the number of figures, tables
or additional files e.g. video clips, animation and datasets,
that can be included with each article online. Authors should
include all relevant supporting data with each article.
Manuscripts Published:
The journal accepts letters/short communications, original
research articles, and mini and full-length review articles
written in English. Supplements, proceedings of conferences
and book reviews may also be considered for publication.
Supplements/Single Topic Issues:
The journal also considers Supplements /Thematic issues for publication. The Guest Edited Thematic Issues are published free of charge.
A Supplements/Single topic will be a collection of articles (minimum of 6, maximum of 20 articles) based on a contemporary theme or topic of great importance to the field. Mini-supplements consisting of between 3 to 5 articles are also welcome. A Supplement can consist of either all review articles or a mixture of review and research articles. The Guest Editors' main editorial task is to invite the contributors to the Supplement and to manage the peer review of submitted manuscripts. A short summary or proposal for editing a supplement should be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief at e-mail to tobiomtj@benthamopen.org
with a copy to specialissue@benthamopen.org
Conference Proceedings: For proposals to publish conference proceedings in this journal, please contact us at email: proceedings@benthamscience.org
Open Access Book Reviews: This journal
publishes open access reviews on recently published books
(both print and electronic) relevant to the journal. Publishers
and authors of books are invited to contact our book reviews
editor at tobiomtj@benthamopen.org
with book review requests. All submitted books will be reviewed
by an independent expert in the field.
MANUSCRIPT SECTIONS FOR PAPERS: Manuscripts
for research articles and letters submitted to the journal
should be divided into the following sections; however,
there can be an extension in the number of sections in review
articles in accordance with the requirements of the topic.
Covering letter
Title page
Abstract
Text organization
List of abbreviations (if any)
Conflict of interest (if any)
Acknowledgements (if any)
References
Appendices
Figures/illustrations (if any)
Chemical structures (if any)
Tables and captions (if any)
Supportive/Supplementary Material (if any)
COVERING LETTER: It is a mandatory requirement
that a signed covering letter also be submitted along with
the manuscript by the author to whom correspondence is to
be addressed, delineating the scope of the submitted article
declaring the potential competing interests, acknowledging
contributions from authors and funding agencies, and certifying
that the paper is prepared according to the 'Instructions
for Authors'. All inconsistencies in the text
and in the reference section, and any typographical errors
must be carefully checked and corrected before the submission
of the manuscript. The article contains no such material
or information that may be unlawful, defamatory, fabricated,
plagiarized, or which would, if published, in any way whatsoever,
violate the terms and conditions as laid down in the agreement.
The authors acknowledge that the publishers have the legal
right to take appropriate action against the authors for
any such violation of the terms and conditions as laid down
in the agreement. Download
the Covering letter
TITLE: The title should be
precise and brief and must not be more than 120 characters.
Authors should avoid the use of non standard abbreviations.
The title must be written in title case except for articles,
conjunctions and prepositions.
Authors should also provide a short ‘running title’.
ABSTRACT: The abstract should not exceed
250 words for review and research papers and should be limited
to only 150 words for letters, summarizing the essential
features of the article. The use of abbreviations should
be reduced to a minimum and the references should not be
cited in the abstract.
TEXT ORGANIZATION: The main text should
begin on a separate page and should be divided into separate
sections. For Research articles, the preparation of the
main text must be structured into separate sections as Introduction,
Materials and Methodology, Results, Discussion and
Conclusion. For Review and Letter articles, the
manuscript should be divided into title page, abstract and
the main text. The text may be subdivided further according
to the areas to be discussed, which should be followed by
the Acknowledgement (if any) and Reference sections. The
review article should mention any previous important reviews
in the field and contain a comprehensive discussion starting
with the general background of the field. It should then
go on to discuss the salient features of recent developments.
The authors should avoid presenting material which has already
been published in a previous review. For further details
regarding the journal’s requirements, refer to the
journal’s Template. The authors are advised to present
and discuss their observations in brief. The manuscript
style must be uniform throughout the text and 10 pt Times
New Roman fonts should be used. The full term for an abbreviation
should precede its first appearance in the text unless it
is a standard unit of measurement. The reference numbers
should be given in square brackets in the text. Non-assimilated
words from Latin or other languages should also be italicized
e.g., per se, et al. etc.
Protection of Human Subjects and Animals in Research: When reporting experiments involving human subjects, authors should indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000.
For research involving animals, authors should indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the standards set forth in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (published by the National Academy of Science, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.)
Nomenclature:
The authors are encouraged to use standardized nomenclature
wherever necessary:
• The SI units should be used; if
not exclusively, please provide the SI value in parentheses
after each value.
• Species names should be italicized
(e.g., Homo sapiens). The generic name of a species should
be given in full the first time it appears in the text.
The author authority for each species is desirable on its
first mention. Chemical formulae may not be used as abbreviations
in the text.
• Genes, mutations, genotypes, and
alleles should also be indicated in italics but the protein
product of a gene should be in Roman type. Use the recommended
name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature
database, e.g., HUGO for human genes. It is sometimes advisable
to indicate the synonyms for the gene the first time it
appears in the text. Gene prefixes such as those used for
oncogenes or cellular localization should be shown in roman:
v-fes, c-MYC, etc.
• The Recommended International Non-Proprietary
Name (rINN) of drugs should be provided.
• In case of usage of symbols that
do not conform to those that have previously appeared in
the literature, their aliases may be obtained from the approved
nomenclature in the HGNC (HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee)
[http://www.genenames.org/]
and LocusLink, to allow retrieval of all theinformation
available for each gene.
Symbols and Units: Greek symbols and special
characters play a prominent role in the manuscript. These
symbols often undergo formatting changes and get corrupted
or lost during preparation of a manuscript for publication.
To ensure that all special characters used are embedded
in the text, these special characters should be inserted
as a symbol but should not be a result of any format styling
(Symbol font face) otherwise they will be lost
during conversion to PDF/XML2.
Authors are encouraged to consult reporting guidelines.
These guidelines provide a set of recommendations comprising
a list of items relevant to their specific research design.
All kinds of measurements should be reported only in International
System of Units (SI).
MATHEMATICAL MATERIAL:
The following guidelines for using units should be observed.
(1) The number (numeral) should be separated from the unit
followed by a full space, e.g., 1.8 MeV.
(2) The units should have a single form for both singular
and plural, i.e., 1.0 cm and 2.7 cm.
(3) The symbols for units should be printed in lower-case
roman type without periods. Units derived from proper names,
however, should be abbreviated with initial capital letters,
i.e., coulomb (C), Weber (Wb).
(4) The abbreviated form of a unit must be used after a
number given in numerals: 1 cm (not 1 centimeter) but the
unit should be written out in cases like “a few centimeters.”
(5) Decimal multiples of units should be indicated by the
use of prefixes. The combination of prefix and unit symbol
is treated as a single symbol. For instance, such a combination
can be raised to a power, i.e., cm2.
Compound units should be written as 1 g cm2
or g cm2 s-2,
with a thin space between unit parts. Avoid ambiguous compound
units, e.g., 6 J/cm3/s.
Write instead, for example, 6 J cm-3
s-1.
Mathematical Symbols:
Mathematical symbols must be defined immediately where
they are introduced.
Characters:
Character fonts:
The italic font should be used for mathematical symbols
(this is the default font in TeX/LaTeX’s math mode).
In addition to variables and constants, the italic font
should be used for particle symbols, symbols of quantum
states, and group-theoretic designations.
Diacritical signs:
A diacritical sign is a marking placed directly above or
below symbols, e.g., the arrow in 
Subscripts and superscripts:
All available characters can be used as subscripts or superscripts.
Position of a subscript or superscript is dictated by standard
notation.
Examples:
Abbreviations in math:
Some abbreviations, such as those for mathematical functions
and those used in superscripts or subscripts require special
handling and are discussed below.
Abbreviations designating mathematical functions:
• Roman multiletter abbreviations
must be closed up to the argument following and separated
from any preceding symbol by a thin space, that is,
• To treat a function of a function
enclose it in bold round parentheses, i.e.,
g(f(x))
• e and exp (for exponent) notation
The e form is appropriate when the argument is short and
simple, i.e., eik•r,
whereas exp should be used if the argument is more complicated.
Equation breaking (multilinear equations):
Mathematical expressions often need to be displayed on
two or more lines (“broken”)
The best place for a break is just before an operator or
sign of relation. These signs should begin the next line
of the equation.
Equation numbering:
A principal equation and subordinate equations may be numbered
(1), (1a), (1b), etc.
Bracketing and Grouping sequence:
For the purpose of grouping, the sequence of bracketing
preferred is {[()]}, working outwards in sets ( ), [ ],
and {}.
{ [ ( { [ ( ) ] } ) ] }
Limits and indices:
In text, however, space limitations require that single
limit sums or integrals use subscripts and superscripts,
for example 
Fractions:
Fractions can be “built up”
with a fraction bar, 
, “slashed” with a solidus, (a + b)/c or written
with a negative exponent, (a + b)c-1.
In text all fractions must be either slashed or written
with a negative exponent.
Multiplication signs:
The primary use of the multiplication sign is to
indicate a vector product of three-vectors (e.g., k
x A). Do not use it to express a simple
product.
The center dot (•) should not be used to mean a simple
product. Use the dot to represent inner products of vectors
(k • r).
Mathematical terms:
The use of the following standard symbols is recommended.
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS: If abbreviations
are used in the text either they should be defined in the
text where first used, or a list of abbreviations can be
provided.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Financial contributions
to the work being reported should be clearly acknowledged,
as should any potential conflict of interest.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Please acknowledge anyone
(individual/company/institution) who has contributed to
the study by making substantial contributions to conception,
design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation
of data, or who was involved in drafting the manuscript
or revising it critically for important intellectual content.
Please list the source(s) of funding for the study, for
each author, and for the manuscript preparation in the acknowledgements
section.
This journal complies with the International Committee of
Medical Journal Editors' Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts
Submitted to Biomedical Journals www.icmje.org
and the FDA's Good Reprint Practices for the Distribution
of Medical Journal Articles and Medical or Scientific Reference
Publications on Unapproved New Uses of Approved Drugs and
Approved or Cleared Medical Devices http://www.fda.gov/oc/op/goodreprint.html
REFERENCES: References must be listed in the numerical
system (Vancouver). All references should be numbered sequentially
[in square brackets] in the text and listed in the same
numerical order in the reference section. The reference
numbers must be finalized and the bibliography must be fully
formatted before submission.
See below few examples of references listed in the correct
Vancouver style:
Typical Paper Reference:
[1] Hedberg A, Ehrenberg A. Resolution enhancement
of ESR spectra from irradiated single crystals of glycine.
J Chem Phys 1968; 48: 4822-8.
[2] Kaczynski R, Grabowska-Olszewska B. Soil mechanics of
the potentially expansive clays in Poland. Appl Clay Sci
1997; 11: 337-55.
Typical Chapter Reference:
[3] Piecuch P, Wloch M, Varandas AJC. Renormalized coupled
cluster methods: Theoretical foundations and application
to potential function of water. In: Lahmar S, Maruani J,
Wilson S, Delgado-Barrio G, Eds. Progress in theoretical
chemistry and physics, Springer, Berlin, 2007; vol. 16:
pp. 65-133.
Book Reference:
[4] Abramowitz M, Stegun I. Handbook of MathematicalFunctions.
Dover: New York; 1965.
Edited Book:
[5] Ibach H, Mills DL, editors. Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
and Surface Vibrations. Academic Press: New York; 1982.
Conference Proceedings:
[6] Leigh C, Androula N, Vitali P. Physica Status Solidi
(A): Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference Porous
Semiconductors - Science and Technology; May 2003; WILEY
VCH Verlag, Berlin, GmbH, Germany; 2003.
Journal Article on the Internet:
[7] Zhang X, Zhang ZL, Glotzer SC. Simulation study of cyclic
tethered nanocube self-assemblies: effect of tethered nanocube
architectures. Nanotechnology [115706]. 21 March 2007, 18(11):
Available from: http://stacks.iop.org/Nano/18/115706
Patents:
[8] Kim D-W, Oh J-H. Methods for manufacturing capacitors
for semiconductor devices. US20070069271A1, March 29, 2007.
E-citations:
[9] Citations for articles/material published exclusively
online or in open access (free-to-view) , must contain the
exact Web addresses (URLs) at the end of the reference(s),
except those posted on an author’s Web site unless
editorially essential, e.g. ‘Reference: Available
from: URL’.
Some important points to remember:
*All references must be complete and accurate.
*If the number of authors exceeds six then et al
will be used after three names (the term “et al.”
should be in italics).
*Online citations should include the date of access.
*Journal abbreviations should follow the Index Medicus/MEDLINE.
*Take special care of the punctuation convention as described
in the above-mentioned examples.
*Avoid using superscript in the in-text citations and reference
section.
*Abstracts, unpublished data and personal communications
(which can only be included if prior permission has been obtained)
should not be given in the reference section but they may
be mentioned in the text and details provided as footnotes.
*The authors are encouraged to use a recent version of EndNote
(version 5 and above) or Reference Manager (version 10) when
formatting their reference list, as this allows references
to be automatically extracted.
APPENDICES: In case there is a need to present lengthy, but essential methodological details, use appendices, which can be a part of the article. An appendix must not exceed three pages (Times New Roman, 12 point fonts, 900 max. words per page).The information should be provided in a condensed form, ruling out the need of full sentences. A single appendix should be titled APPENDIX, while more than one can be titled APPENDIX A, APPENDIX B, and so on.
FIGURES/ILLUSTRATIONS: The authors should
provide the illustrations as separate files, as well as embedded
in the text file, numbered consecutively in the order of their
appearance. Each figure should include a single illustration.
No charges will be levied on the use of color figures except
in the reprints. Each figure should be closely cropped to
minimize the amount of white space surrounding the illustration.
If a figure consists of separate parts, it is important that
a single composite illustration file be submitted, containing
all parts of the | figure.
Photographs should be provided with a scale bar if appropriate,
as well as high-resolution component files.
Scaling/Resolution:
For Line Art image type, which is generally an image based
on lines and text and does not contain tonal or shaded areas,
the preferred file format is TIFF or EPS, with colour mode
being Monochrome 1-bit or RGB, in a resolution of 900-1200
dpi.
For Halftone image type, which is generally a continuous tone photograph and contains no text, the preferred file format is TIFF, with colour mode being or RGB or Grayscale, with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi.
For Combination image type, which is generally an image
containing halftone in addition to text or line art elements,
the preferred file format is TIFF, with colour mode being
or RGB or Grayscale, in a resolution of 500-900 dpi.
Formats:
For illustrations, the following file formats are acceptable:
• Illustrator
• EPS (preferred format for diagrams)
• PDF (also especially suitable for
diagrams)
• PNG (preferred format for photos
or images)
• Microsoft Word (version 5 and above;
figures must be a single page)
• PowerPoint (figures must be a single
page)
• TIFF
• JPEG (conversion should be done
using the original file)
• BMP
• CDX (ChemDraw)
• TGF (ISIS/Draw)
Bentham OPEN does not process figures
submitted in GIF format.
If the large size of TIFF or EPS figures acts as an obstacle
to online submission, authors may find that conversion to
JPEG format before submission results in significantly reduced
file size and upload time, while retaining acceptable quality.
JPEG is a 'lossy' format, however. In order to maintain
acceptable image quality, it is recommended that JPEG files
are saved at High or Maximum quality.
Files should not be compressed with tools such as Zipit
or Stuffit prior to submission as these tools will in any
case produce negligible file-size savings for JPEGs and
TIFFs, which are already compressed.
Image Conversion Tools:
There are many software packages, many of them freeware
or shareware, capable of converting to and from different
graphics formats, including PNG.
Good general tools for image conversion include GraphicConverter
on the Macintosh, PaintShop Pro, for Windows, and ImageMagick,
which is available on Macintosh, Windows and UNIX platforms.
Note that bitmap images (e.g. screenshots) should not be
converted to EPS, since this will result in a much larger
file size than the equivalent JPEG, TIFF, PNG or BMP, with
no increase in the quality. EPS should only be used for
images produced by vector-drawing applications such as Adobe
Illustrator or CorelDraw. Most vector-drawing applications
can be saved in, or exported as, EPS format. In case the
images have beenoriginally prepared in an Office application,
such as Word or PowerPoint, then the original Office files
should be directly uploaded to the site, instead of being
converted to JPEG or another format that may be of low quality.
Chemical Structures: Chemical structures MUST be prepared according to the guidelines below.
Structures should be prepared in ChemDraw and provided as separate file, submitted both on disk and in printed formats.
Structure Drawing Preferences:
[As according to the ACS style sheet]
Drawing Settings:
Chain angle 120°
Bond spacing 18% of width
Fixed length 14.4 pt (0.500cm, 0.2in)
Bold width 2.0 pt (0.071cm, 0.0278in)
Line width 0.6 pt (0.021cm, 0.0084in)
Margin width 1.6 pt (0.096cm)
Hash spacing 2.5 pt (0.088cm, 0.0347in)
Text settings:
Font Times New Roman
Size 8 pt
Under the Preference Choose:
Units points
Tolerances 3 pixels
Under Page Setup Use:
Paper US letter
Scale 100%
TABLES:
*Data tables should be submitted in Microsoft Word table
format.
*Each table should include a title/caption being explanatory
in itself with respect to the details discussed in the table.
Detailed legends may then follow.
*Table number in bold font i.e. Table 1,
should follow a title. The title should be in small case with
the first letter in caps. A full stop should be placed at
the end of the title.
*Tables should be embedded in the text exactly according
to their appropriate placement in the submitted manuscript.
*Columns and rows of data should be made visibly distinct
by ensuring that the borders of each cell are displayed as
black lines.
*Tables should be numbered in Arabic numerals sequentially
in order of their citation in the body of the text.
*If a reference is cited in both the table and text, please
insert a lettered footnote in the table to refer to the numbered
reference in the text.
*Tabular data provided as additional files can be submitted
as an Excel spreadsheet.
SUPPORTIVE/SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: We do
encourage to append supportive material, for example a PowerPoint
file containing a talk about the study, a PowerPoint file
containing additional screenshots, a Word, RTF, or PDF document
showing the original instrument(s) used, a video, or the original
data (SAS/SPSS files, Excel files, Access Db files etc.) provided
it is inevitable or endorsed by the journal's Editor.
Published/reproduced material should not
be included unless you have obtained written permission
from the copyright holder, which must be forwarded to the
Editorial Office in case of acceptance of your article for
publication.
Supportive/Supplementary material intended for publication
must be numbered and referred to in the manuscript but should
not be a part of the submitted paper. In-text citations
as well as a section with the heading "Supportive/Supplementary
Material" before the "References" section
should be provided. Here, list all Supportive/Supplementary
Material and include a brief caption line for each file
describing its contents.
Any additional files will be linked into the final published
article in the form supplied by the author, but will not
be displayed within the paper. They will be made available
in exactly the same form as originally provided only on
our Web site. Please also make sure that each additional
file is a single table, figure or movie (please do not upload
linked worksheets or PDF files larger than one sheet). Supportive/
Supplementary Material must be provided in a single zipped
file not larger than 4 MB.
Authors must clearly indicate if these files are not for
publication but meant for the reviewers'/editors' perusal
only.
PERMISSION FOR REPRODUCTION: Published/reproduced
material should not be included unless you have obtained
written permission from the copyright holder, which should
be forwarded to the Editorial Office in case of acceptance
of your article for publication.
For obtaining permission for reproducing any material published
in an article by Bentham Science Publishers, please fill
in the request FORM
and send to tobiomtj@benthamopen.org
for consideration.
AUTHORS AND INSTITUTIONAL AFFILIATIONS:
The author will be required to provide their full names,
the institutional affiliations and the location, with an
asterisk in front of the name of the principal/corresponding
author. The corresponding author(s) should be designated
and their complete address, business telephone and fax numbers
and e-mail address must be stated to receive correspondence
and galley proofs.
REVIEWING AND PROMPTNESS OF PUBLICATION:
All manuscripts submitted for publication will be immediately
subjected to peer-reviewing, usually in consultation with
the members of the Editorial Advisory Board and a number
of external referees. Authors may, however, provide in their
Covering Letter the contact details (including e-mail addresses)
of four potential peer reviewers for their paper. Any peer
reviewers suggested should not have recently published with
any of the authors of the submitted manuscript and should
not be members of the same research institution.
All peer-reviewing will be conducted via the Internet to
facilitate rapid reviewing of the submitted manuscripts.
Every possible effort will be made to assess the manuscripts
quickly with the decision being conveyed to the authors
in due course.
LANGUAGE AND EDITING: Manuscripts submitted
containing many English typographical errors will not be
published. Manuscripts which are accepted for publication
on condition that the written English submitted is corrected,
will be sent a quote by Eureka
Science, a professional language editing company. Authors
from non-English language countries who have poor English
language written skills, are advised to contact the language
editing company prior to submitting their manuscript to
the journal. Please contact Eureka
Science for a language editing quote at e-mail: info@eureka-science.com
stating the total number of words of the article to be edited.
PROOF CORRECTIONS: Authors are required
to proofread the PDF versions of their manuscripts before
submission. To avoid delays in publication, proofs should
be checked immediately for typographical errors and returned
within 48 hours. Major changes are not
acceptable at the proof stage. If unable to send corrections
within 48 hours due to some reason, the
author(s) must at least send an acknowledgement on receiving
the galley proofs or the article will be published exactly
as received and the publishers will not be responsible for
any error occurring in the manuscript in this regard.
The corresponding author will be solely responsible for
ensuring that the revised version of the manuscript incorporating
all the submitted corrections receives the approval of all
the authors of the manuscript.
COPYRIGHT: Authors who publish in Bentham
OPEN Journals retain copyright to their work. Submission
of a manuscript to the respective journals implies that
all authors have read and agreed to the content of the Covering
Letter or the Terms and Conditions. It is a condition of
publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have
not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted
or published elsewhere. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden,
and by submitting the article for publication the authors
agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate
action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated
information is discovered. Once submitted to the journal,
the author will not withdraw their manuscript at any stage
prior to publication.
Articles are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution non-commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)
which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution
and reproduction in any medium, providing that the work
is properly cited.
PUBLICATION FEES: The publication fee for each published Article / Book Review / Letter is US $250.
Once the paper is accepted for publication, the author will
receive by email an electronic invoice. The fee form is also
available on the Web site at www.benthamscience.com/open/FeeForm/FeeForm.pdf.
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Open today to obtain great discounts on your article publication
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REPRINTS: High quality printed reprints
of published articles are available for purchase, if ordered,
with a minimum number of 100 reprints.
1 The submission process
is compatible with version 3.0 or later of Internet Explorer
and Netscape Navigator, and with most other modern Web browsers.
It can be used from PC, Mac, or Unix platforms.
2 In this connection, we
recommend the use of Microsoft Word version 2000 and above.
