Instructions
for Authors
ONLINE MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION: An online submission
and tracking service via internet facilitates a speedy and
cost-effective submission of manuscripts. The full manuscript
should be submitted online via Bentham's Content Management
System (CMS) at (http://bsp-cms.eurekaselect.com/index.php/ENG)
View Submission Instructions.
Manuscripts must be submitted by one of the authors of the
manuscript, and should not be submitted by anyone on their
behalf. The principal/corresponding author will be required
to submit a Covering Letter along with the manuscript, on
behalf of all the co-authors (if any) to confirm that the
manuscript (or any part of it) has not been published previously
or is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Furthermore,
any illustration, structure or table that has been published
elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction
must be obtained. The figures from patent documents are freely
available on the databases and may not require any permission
unless stated otherwise.
For all online submissions, please provide soft copies of
all the materials (main text in MS Word or Tex/LaTeX), figures/illustrations
in TIFF, PDF or JPEG, and chemical structures drawn in ChemDraw
(CDX)/ISISDraw (TGF) as separate files, while a PDF version
of the entire manuscript must also be included, embedded with
all the figures/illustrations/tables/chemical structures etc.
It is advisable that the document files related to a manuscript
submission should always have the name of the corresponding
author as part of the file name, i.e., “Cilli MS text.doc”
, “Cilli MS Figure 1”, etc..
It is imperative that before submission, the author(s) should
carefully proofread the files for special characters, mathematical
symbols, Greek letters, equations, tables, references and
images to ensure that they appear in proper format.
References, figures, tables, chemical structures, etc.
should be referred to in the text at the appropriate places
where they have been first discussed. Figure legends/captions
should also be provided.
A successful electronic submission of the manuscript will
be confirmed by a system-generated email acknowledgement to
the principal/corresponding author immediately. Any queries
therein should be addressed at eng@benthamscience.org
or qasit@benthamscience.org
MANUSCRIPTS PUBLISHED: The journal
accepts mini and full length articles and research articles
written in English. Single Topic/Thematic Issues by invited
Guest Editors are also considered for publication.
For the submission of research articles, the author should
have already filed a patent with a leading patent authority
and it is registered and secondly the author has not already
published a research paper on their intellectual property.
Single Topic Issues: These special issues are peer-reviewed
and may contain invited or uninvited review/mini-review articles
or a mixture of research articles and reviews/ mini-reviews.
A Single Topic Issue Editor will offer a short perspective
and co-ordinate the solicitation of manuscripts between 3-5
(for a mini-hot topic) to 6-10 (for full-length hot topic)
from leading scientists. Authors interested in editing a single
topic issue in an emerging topic of Engineering may submit
their proposal at eng@benthamscience.org
or qasit@benthamscience.org
for consideration.
Patent Selections: A separate section of
important and recent patents on engineering is also included
in the journal. The patents annotated in this section are
relevant to the articles published in this journal issue,
categorized by the processes and technologies related to various
disciplines of engineering sciences.
MANUSCRIPT LENGTH:
Mini-Reviews: Mini-reviews should be 3000-6000 words
excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes, tables
etc.
Full-Length Reviews: Full-length reviews should be
8000-40000 words excluding figures, structures, photographs,
schemes, tables etc.
Research Articles: Research articles should be 4000-8000
words excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes,
tables etc.
There is no restriction on the number of figures,
tables or additional files e.g. video clips, animation and
datasets, that can be included with each article online. Authors
should include all relevant supporting data with each article
(Refer to Supplementary Material section).
MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION: The manuscript should be
written in English in a clear, direct and active style. All
pages must be numbered sequentially, facilitating in the reviewing
and editing of the manuscript. For further convenience, our
contracted service provider Eureka
Science can provide assistance to authors for the preparation
of manuscripts.
MANUSCRIPT SECTIONS FOR PAPERS:
Manuscripts may be divided into the following sections:
1. Covering Letter: It is mandatory to submit a
signed covering letter along with the manuscript, by the author
to whom correspondence is to be addressed, delineating the
scope of the submitted article declaring the potential competing
interests, acknowledging contributions from authors and funding
agencies, and certifying that the paper is prepared according
to the 'Instructions for Authors’.
All inconsistencies in the text and in the reference section
and any typographical errors must be carefully checked and
corrected before the submission of the manuscript. The article
should not contain any material or information that may be
unlawful, defamatory, fabricated, plagiarized, or which would,
if published, in any way whatsoever, violate the terms and
conditions as laid down in the copyright agreement. The authors
should acknowledge that the publishers have the legal right
to take appropriate action against the authors for any such
violation of the terms and conditions as laid down in the
copyright agreement. DOWNLOAD
COVERING LETTER
2. Title: The title of the article should be precise
and brief and must not be more than 120 characters. Authors
should avoid the use of non-standard abbreviations. The title
must be written in title case except for articles, conjunctions
and prepositions.
Title, running title, byline, correspondent footnote and keywords
should be written as presented in original manuscripts.
3. Short Running Title: Authors must provide a short
‘running title’ of their manuscript.
4. Authors’ Names and Affiliations:
The names of the authors should be provided according to previous
citations or as the authors would want them to be published
along with the institutional affiliations and current address,
telephone, cell & fax numbers and the email address must
be provided, with an asterisk in front of the name of the
principal author. The corresponding author should also be
designated and the full address, telephone, cell & fax
numbers and the email address must be stated to receive correspondence
and galley proofs.
5. Abstract: The abstract summarizing the essential
features of the review or research article should not exceed
250 words and must include information regarding patents.
6. Keywords: Authors must provide 6 to 8 keywords
in alphabetical order.
7. Text Organization: The main text should begin
on a separate page and should be divided into title page,
abstract and the main text. The text may be subdivided further
according to the areas to be discussed, which should be followed
by the Acknowledgement (if any) and Reference sections. The
Review Article should mention any previous important, recent
and old reviews in the field and contain a comprehensive discussion
starting with the general background of the field. It should
then go on to discuss the salient features of recent developments
along with relevant patents. The authors should avoid presenting
material which has already been published in a previous review.
The authors are advised to present and discuss their observations
in brief. The manuscript style must be uniform throughout
the text and 10pt Times New Roman fonts should be used. The
full term for an abbreviation should precede its first appearance
in the text unless it is a standard unit of measurement. Italics
should be used for Binomial names of organisms (Genus and
Species), for emphasis and for unfamiliar words or phrases.
Non-assimilated words from Latin or other languages should
also be italicized e.g. per se, et al., in vitro,
in vivo, in situ, etc.
For Research Articles, the manuscript should begin with the
title page and abstract followed by the main text, which must
be structured into separate sections as Introduction,
Material and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion,
Current & Future Developments, Conflict of Interest, Acknowledgements
and References. The patent registration number and
patent authority of the author's intellectual property must
be cited in the article.
Patent Review Coverage: Authors
should review the most recent and important patents based
on the topic covered. Coverage of novel inventions, methods,
techniques and designs in all areas of engineering should
be emphasized, including the significance of the reported
patents.
Current & Future Developments:
The review/research article should conclude with a short section
called “Current & Future Developments”. The
author(s) will give their opinion on the current and future
important developments on the topic discussed in their article.
Symbols and Units: Greek symbols and special
characters often undergo formatting changes and get corrupted
or lost during preparation of a manuscript for publication.
To ensure that all special characters used are embedded in
the text, these special characters should be inserted as a
symbol but should not be a result of any format styling (Symbol
font face) otherwise they will be lost during the conversion
to PDF/XML.
Authors are encouraged to consult reporting guidelines. These
guidelines provide a set of recommendations comprising a list
of items relevant to their specific research design.
Only ISO symbols, written in italic, should be used for the
various parameters. All kinds of measurements should be reported
only in International System of Units (SI). SI units should
always be written in Roman and separated from the numerical
value by a space (whatever the language).
The µ in µg or µm should be in Roman. The
symbol for litre is L and that for minute is min. For temperature,
please use only one of °C, °F or K in the entire manuscript.
As the Angström (1Å = 10-10
m) is not an SI unit, it should be replaced by the nanometre
(1nm = 10-9 m) or by the
picometer (1pm = 10-12 m):
1Å = 0.1nm = 100 pm. Multiple units should be written
with negative superscripts (for example, 25mgµL-1
µs-1). The list of
notations should appear just before the first paragraph of
full text.
A list of symbols and units should be provided if used extensively
throughout the text.
8 . List of Abbreviations (if any): If abbreviations
are used in the text either they should be defined in the
text where first used, or a list of abbreviations can be provided.
9 . Acknowledgements (if any): Financial contributions
to the work being reported should be clearly acknowledged.
Please acknowledge anyone (individual/company/institution)
who has contributed to the study by making substantial contributions
to conception, design, acquisition of data, or analysis and
interpretation of data, or who was involved in drafting the
manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual
content. Please list the source(s) of funding for the study,
for each author, and for the manuscript preparation in the
acknowledgement section.
10 . Conflict of Interest: Financial contributions
to the work being reported must be clearly acknowledged, as
should any potential conflict of interest under the heading
‘Conflict of Interest’. Authors
must list the source(s) of funding for the study, for each
author, and for the manuscript preparation. No patents should
be cited by authors that are in various stages of legal litigation.
11. References: References must be listed
in IEEE style only. All references should be numbered sequentially
[in square brackets] in the text and listed in the same numerical
order in the reference section. The reference numbers must
be finalized and the bibliography must be fully formatted
before submission. The author will be responsible for the
accuracy and completeness of the references.
See below few examples of references listed in the correct
IEEE style:
Journal:
[1] G. Liu, K. Y. Lee and H. F. Jordan, "TDM and TWDM de Bruijn
networks and shufflenets for optical communications", IEEE
Trans. Comp., Vol. 46, pp. 695-701, June 1997.
Book:
[2] S. M. Hemmingsen, Soft Science. Saskatoon: University
of Saskatchewan Press, 1997.
[3] A. Rezi and M. Allam, "Techniques in Array Processing
by Means of Transformations," In Control and Dynamic Systems,
Multidimensional Systems, C. T. Leondes, Ed. San Diego:
Academic Press, Vol. 69, 1995, pp. 133-180.
Edited Book:
[4] D. Sarunyagate, Ed., Lasers. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.
Conference Proceedings:
[5] N. Osifchin and G. Vau, "Power considerations for the
modernization of telecommunications in Central and Eastern
European and former Soviet Union (CCE/FSU) countries", In
Second International Telecommunication Energy Special
Conference Special Conference, Budapest, Hungary,1997,
pp. 9-16.
Patent:
[6] K. Kimura and A. Lipeles, "Fuzzy Controller Component,"
U. S. Patent 14,860,040, December 14, 1996.
Thesis:
[7] H. Zhang, "Delay-insensitive networks", M.S.
thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, 1997.
Electronic Publication:
E-Books:
[8] L. Bass, P. Clements and R. Kazman. Software Architecture
in Practice, 2nd ed.
Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 2003. [E book] Available From:
Safari e-book. [Accessed: Sept. 18, 2004].
E-Journals:
[9] P. H. C. Eilers and J. J. Goeman, "Enhancing scatterplots
with smoothed densities", Bioinformatics, vol. 20,
no. 5, pp. 623-628, March 2004. [Online] Available From: www.oxfordjournals.org.
[Accessed: Sept. 18, 2004].
E-citations:
[10] Citations for articles/material published exclusively
online or in open access (free-to-view) , must contain the
exact Web addresses (URLs) at the end of the reference(s),
except those posted on an author's Web site unless editorially
essential.
11. Tables (if any):
•Data tables should be submitted in Microsoft Word table
format.
•Each table should include a title/caption being explanatory
in its self with respect to the details discussed in the table.
Detailed legends may then follow.
•Table number in bold font i.e. Table 1,
should follow a title. The title should be in small case with
the first letter in caps. A full stop should be placed at
the end of the title.
•Tables should be embedded in the text exactly according
to their appropriate placement in the submitted manuscript.
•Columns and rows of data should be made visibly distinct
by ensuring that the borders of each cell are displayed as
black lines.
•Tables should be numbered in Arabic numerals sequentially
in order of their citation in the body of the text.
•If a reference is cited in both the table and text,
please insert a lettered footnote in the table to refer to
the numbered reference in the text.
•Tabular data provided as additional files can be submitted
as an MS Excel spreadsheet.
12. Figures/Illustrations (if any): The quality of
the illustrations printed in the journal largely depends on
the quality of the figures/illustration provided by the author.
The acceptance of a manuscript for publication is subject
to the figures being up to the highest standards in terms
of clarity and resolution. In case, the figures supplied are
not up to the standards required, the authors will be given
the option to either return the manuscript within one week
with appropriate drawings/figures or they may have option
to professionally prepared these figures through the paid
professional service available from Bentham Publishing
Services.
The authors should provide the illustrations as separate files,
as well as embedded in the text file, numbered consecutively
in the order of their appearance. Each figure should include
a single illustration. Each figure should be closely cropped
to minimize the amount of white space surrounding the illustration.
If a figure consists of separate parts, it is important that
a single composite illustration file be submitted, containing
all parts of the figure.
Photographs should be provided with a scale bar if appropriate,
as well as high-resolution component files.
Scaling/Resolution:
For Line Art image type, which is generally an image based
on lines and text and does not contain tonal or shaded areas,
the preferred file format is TIFF or EPS, with color mode
being Monochrome 1-bit or RGB, in a resolution of 900-1200
dpi.
For Halftone image type, which is generally a continuous tone
photograph and contains no text, the preferred file format
is TIFF, with color mode being RGB or Grayscale, in a resolution
of 300 dpi.
For Combination image type, which is generally an image containing
halftone in addition to text or line art elements, the preferred
file format is TIFF, with color mode being RGB or Grayscale,
in a resolution of 500-900 dpi.
Formats:
For illustrations, the following file formats are acceptable:
• Illustrator
• EPS (preferred format for diagrams)
• PDF (also especially suitable for
diagrams)
• PNG (preferred format for photos
or images)
• Microsoft Word (version 5 and above;
figures must be a single page)
• PowerPoint (figures must be a single
page)
• TIFF
• JPEG (conversion should be done using
the original file)
• BMP
• CDX (ChemDraw)
• TGF (ISISDraw)
Bentham Science does not process figures submitted in GIF
format.
If the large size of TIFF or EPS figures acts as an obstacle
to online submission, authors may find that conversion to
JPEG format before submission results in significantly reduced
file size and upload time, while retaining acceptable quality.
JPEG is a 'lossy' format, however in order to maintain acceptable
image quality, it is recommended that JPEG files are saved
at high or maximum quality.
Files should not be compressed with tools such as Zipit or
Stuffit prior to submission as these tools will in any case
produce negligible file-size savings for JPEGs and TIFFs,
which are already compressed.
Please do not:
1. Supply embedded graphics in your word processor (spreadsheet,
presentation) document;
2. Supply files that are optimized for screen use (like GIF,
BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low;
3. Supply files that are too low in resolution;
4. Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the
content.
Image Conversion Tools:
There are many software packages, many of them freeware or
shareware, capable of converting to and from different graphics
formats, including PNG.
Good general tools for image conversion include
GraphicConverter on the Macintosh, PaintShop Pro, for Windows,
and ImageMagick, which is available on Macintosh, Windows
and UNIX platforms.
Note that bitmap images (e.g. screenshots) should not be converted
to EPS, since this will result in a much larger file size
than the equivalent JPEG, TIFF, PNG or BMP, with no increase
in quality. EPS should only be used for images produced by
vector-drawing applications such as Adobe Illustrator or CorelDraw.
Most vector-drawing applications can be saved in, or exported
as, EPS format. In case the images have been originally prepared
in an Office application, such as Word or PowerPoint, then
the original Office files should be directly uploaded to the
site, instead of being converted to JPEG or another format
that may be of low quality.
Color Figures/Illustrations:
• Color figures publication in the journal:
The cost for the first published page of color figures is
US$ 965; the second additional page will
be for US$ 705 and each subsequent page for
US$ 480.
• Color figures should be supplied in CMYK not RGB colors.
13. Chemical Structures (if any): Chemical
structures MUST be prepared in ChemDraw (CDX) and provided
as separate file.
Structure Drawing Preferences:
[As according to the ACS style sheet]
Drawing Settings:
Chain angle 120°
Bond spacing 18%
of width
Fixed length 14.4
pt (0.500cm, 0.2in)
Bold width
2.0 pt (0.071cm, 0.0278in)
Line width
0.6 pt (0.021cm, 0.0084in)
Margin width
1.6 pt (0.096cm)
Hash spacing
2.5 pt (0.088cm, 0.0347in)
Text Settings:
Font Times
New Roman/Helvetica
Size 8
pt
Under the Preference Choose:
Units
points
Tolerances 3
pixels
Under Page Setup Use:
Paper US
letter
Scale
100%
14. Supportive/Supplementary Material (if any):
We do encourage to append supportive material, for example
a PowerPoint file containing a talk about the study, a PowerPoint
file containing additional screenshots, a Word, RTF, or PDF
document showing the original instrument(s) used, a video,
or the original data (SAS/SPSS files, MS Excel files, Access
Db files etc.) provided it is inevitable or endorsed
by the journal's Editor.
Supportive / Supplementary material intended for publication
must be numbered and referred to in the manuscript but should
not be a part of the submitted paper. In-text citations as
well as a section with the heading "Supportive / Supplementary
Material" before the "References" section should
be provided. Here, all Supportive / Supplementary Material
should be listed a brief caption line for each file describing
its contents must be included.
Any additional files will be linked into the final published
article in the form supplied by the author, but will not be
displayed within the paper. They will be made available in
exactly the same form as originally provided only
on our website. Please also make sure that each additional
file is a single table, figure or movie (please do not upload
linked worksheets or PDF files larger than one sheet). Supportive/Supplementary
Material must be provided in a single zipped file not larger
than 4 MB.
Authors must clearly indicate if these files are not for publication
but meant for the reviewers'/editors' perusal only.
PERMISSION FOR REPRODUCTION: Published/reproduced
material should not be included unless you have obtained written
permission from the copyright holder, which should be forwarded
to the Editorial Office in case of acceptance of your article
for publication.
For obtaining permission of reproducing any material published
in an article by Bentham Science Publishers,
please fill in the request
FORM downloadable from the journal’s Web
site and send to qasit@benthamscience.org
for consideration.
REVIEWING AND PROMPTNESS OF PUBLICATION: All papers
submitted for publication are immediately subjected to editorial
scrutiny, usually in consultation with members of the journal
Editorial Advisory Board and outside independent reviewers.
Every effort will be made to peer review submitted papers
quickly. Papers which are delayed by authors in revision for
more than 30 days will have to be re-submitted as a new submission.
Papers accepted for publication are typeset and proofs are
dispatched to authors for any corrections prior to final publication.
PAGE CHARGES: No page charges will be levied
to the authors.
LANGUAGE AND EDITING: Manuscripts submitted
containing many English typographical errors will not be published.
Manuscripts which are accepted for publication on condition
that the written English submitted is corrected, will be sent
a quote by Eureka
Science, a professional language editing company. Authors
from non-English language countries who have poor English
language written skills, are advised to contact the language
editing company prior to submitting their manuscript to the
journal. Please contact Eureka
Science for a language editing quote at e-mail: info@eureka-science.com
stating the total number of words of the article to be edited.
PROOFS: Authors will receive page proofs of their
accepted paper before publications. To avoid delays in publication,
proofs should be checked immediately for typographical errors
and returned within 48 hours. Major changes
are not acceptable at the proof stage. If unable to send corrections
within 48 hours due to some reason, the author(s)
must at least send an acknowledgement on receiving the galley
proofs or the article will be published exactly as received
and the publishers will not be responsible for any error occurring
in the published manuscript in this regard.
The corresponding author will be solely responsible for ensuring
that the revised version of the manuscript incorporating all
the submitted corrections receives the approval of all the
co-authors of the manuscript.
REPRINTS: Each first-named (corresponding) author
will receive electronically five free e-reprints. Reprints
may be ordered from the Publisher prior to publication of
the article. First named authors may also order a personal
print and online subscription of the journal at 50% off the
normal subscription rate by contacting the subscription department
at e-mail: subscriptions@benthamscience.org
OPEN ACCESS PLUS: Accepted articles can be
published online for free open access for all to view. Open
access publishing provides the maximum dissemination of the
article to the largest audience. Authors must pay for this
service. All corresponding authors will be asked to indicate
whether or not they wish to pay to have their paper made freely
available on publication. If authors do not select the Open
Access option, then their article will be published with standard
subscription-based access at no charge.
Bentham Science offers authors the choice of open access publication
of their articles at a fee of US$ 2,200 per
published article which allows indefinite free-to-view online
publication with Bentham Science.
For more information please contact us at e-mail: openaccess@benthamscience.org.
COPYRIGHT: Authors who publish in Bentham Science
Journals will transfer copyright to their work to Bentham
Science Publishers. Submission of a manuscript
to the respective journals implies that all authors have read
and agreed to the content of the Covering Letter or the Terms
and Conditions. It is a condition of publication that manuscripts
submitted to this journal have not been published and will
not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Plagiarism
is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication
the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right
to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism
or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript
the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred
to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for
publication. Once submitted to the journal, the author will
not withdraw their manuscript at any stage prior to publication.
PLAGIARISM PREVENTION: Bentham Science Publisher
uses the iThenticate software to detect instances of overlapping
and similar text in submitted manuscripts. iThenticate software
checks content uploaded by a journal editorial office against
a database of periodicals, the Internet, and a comprehensive
article database. It generates a similarity report, including
the percentage overlap between the uploaded article and published
material. Any instances of content overlap are treated according
to a journal's peer review integrity statement and the policies
recommended by the editorial Committee. You are assured that
the publisher, where you are submitting your manuscript, is
committed to actively combating plagiarism and publishing
original research.
E-PUB AHEAD-OF-SCHEDULE: Bentham
Science Publishers are pleased to offer electronic
publication of accepted papers prior to scheduled publication.
These peer-reviewed papers can be cited using the date of
access and the unique DOI number. Any final changes in manuscripts
will be made at the time of print publication and will be
reflected in the final electronic version of the issue. Articles
ahead of schedule may be ordered by pay-per-view at the relevant
links by each article stated via the E-Pub
Ahead of Schedule (http://www.benthamscience.com/eng/E-Pub-Ahead-of-Schedule.htm).
Disclaimer: Articles appearing in E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule
sections have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication
in this journal and posted online before scheduled publication.
Articles appearing here may contain statements, opinions,
and information that have errors in facts, figures, or interpretation.
Accordingly, Bentham Science Publishers,
the editors and authors and their respective employees are
not responsible or liable for the use of any such inaccurate
or misleading data, opinion or information contained of articles
in the E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule.
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