Instructions for
Authors
Regular manuscripts may be submitted directly to the Editorial
Office by e-mail to qasit@benthamscience.org
or eeng@benthamscience.org.
ONLINE MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION: An online submission
and tracking service via internet facilitates a speedy and
cost-effective submission of manuscripts. The full manuscript
should be submitted online via Bentham's Content Management
System (CMS) at (http://bsp-cms.eurekaselect.com/index.php/EENG/)
View Submission Instructions.
Manuscripts must be submitted by one of the authors of the
manuscript, and should not be submitted by anyone on their
behalf. The principal/corresponding author will be required
to submit a Cover Letter along with the manuscript, on behalf
of all the co-authors (if any) to confirm that the manuscript
(or any part of it) has not been published previously or is
not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Furthermore,
any illustration, structure or table that has been published
elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction
must be obtained. The figures from patent documents are freely
available on the databases and may not require any permission
unless stated otherwise.
For all online submissions, please provide soft copies of
all the materials (main text in MS Word or Tex/LaTeX), figures/illustrations
in TIFF, PDF or JPEG, and chemical structures drawn in ChemDraw
(CDX)/ISISDraw (TGF) as separate files, while a PDF version
of the entire manuscript must also be included, embedded with
all the figures/illustrations/tables/chemical structures etc.
It is imperative that before submission, the author(s) should
carefully proofread the files for special characters, mathematical
symbols, Greek letters, equations, tables, references and
images to ensure that they appear in proper format.
References, figures, tables, chemical structures, etc.
should be referred to in the text at the appropriate places
where they have been first discussed. Figure legends / captions
should also be provided.
A successful electronic submission of the manuscript will
be confirmed by a system-generated email acknowledgement to
the principal/corresponding author immediately. Any queries
therein should be addressed at qasit@benthamscience.org
MANUSCRIPTS PUBLISHED: The journal accepts
mini- and full-length review articles and research articles
written in English. Single Topic / Thematic Issues by invited
Guest Editors are also considered for publication.
For the submission of research articles, the author should
have already filed a patent with a leading patent authority
and it should be registered, secondly the author should not
have published any research paper on the intellectual property
of that patent.
Single Topic Issues: These special issues
are peer-reviewed and may contain invited or uninvited review/mini-review
articles or a mixture of research articles and reviews/ mini-reviews.
A Single Topic Issue Editor will offer a short perspective
and co-ordinate the solicitation of manuscripts between 3-5
(for a mini-hot topic) to 6-10 (for full-length hot topic)
from leading scientists. Authors interested in editing a single
topic issue in an emerging topic of Nanomedicine may submit
their proposal at eeng@benthamscience.org
or qasit@benthamscience.org
for consideration.
Patent Selections: A separate section
of important and recent patents on Electrical & Electronic
engineering is also included in the journal. The patents annotated
in this section are relevant to the articles published in
this journal issue, categorized by different applications
of electrical power supply, electrical systems, power transmission,
electromagnetism, motor control process and technologies involved
and related to electrical engineering & electronic
MANUSCRIPT LENGTH:
Mini-Reviews: Mini-reviews should be 3000- 6000 words
excluding figures, structures, photographs, schemes, tables
etc.
Full-Length Reviews: Full-length reviews
should be 8000-40000 words excluding figures, structures,
photographs, schemes, tables etc.
Research Articles: Research articles should
be 4000-8000 words excluding figures, structures, photographs,
schemes, tables etc.
There is no restriction on the number of figures, tables or
additional files e.g. video clips, animation and datasets,
that can be included with each article online. Authors should
include all relevant supporting data with each article (Refer
to Supplementary Material section).
MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION: The manuscript should
be written in English in a clear, direct and active style.
All pages must be numbered sequentially, facilitating in the
reviewing and editing of the manuscript. For further convenience,
our contracted service provider Eureka
Science can provide assistance to authors for the preparation
of manuscripts.
MANUSCRIPT SECTIONS FOR PAPERS:
Manuscripts for review articles submitted to the
journal may be divided into the following sections:
1. Cover Letter: It is mandatory to submit
a signed covering letter along with the manuscript, by the
author to whom correspondence is to be addressed, delineating
the scope of the submitted article declaring the potential
competing interests, acknowledging contributions from authors
and funding agencies, and certifying that the paper is prepared
according to the 'Instructions for Authors'.
All inconsistencies in the text and in the reference section
and any typographical errors must be carefully checked and
corrected before the submission of the manuscript. The article
should not contain any material or information that may be
unlawful, defamatory, fabricated, plagiarized, or which would,
if published, in any way whatsoever, violate the terms and
conditions as laid down in the copyright agreement. The authors
should acknowledge that the publishers have the legal right
to take appropriate action against the authors for any such
violation of the terms and conditions as laid down in the
copyright agreement. To download the cover letter, please
visit: www.benthamscience.org/eeng/COVERING-LETTER.pdf
2. Title: The title of the article should
be precise and brief and must not be more than 120 characters.
Authors should avoid the use of non-standard abbreviations.
The title must be written in title case except for articles,
conjunctions and prepositions. Tilte, running title, byline,
correspondent footnote and keywords should be written as presented
in original manuscript.
3. Short Running Title: Authors must provide
a short ‘running title’ of their manuscript.
4. Authors’ Names and Affiliations:
The names of the authors should be provided according to the
previous citations or as the authors would want them to be
published along with the institutional affiliations, current
address, telephone, cell & fax numbers and the email address.
Email address must be provided with an asterisk in front of
the name of the principal author. The corresponding author
should also be designated and the full address, telephone,
cell & fax numbers and the email address must be stated
to receive correspondence and galley proofs..
5. Abstract: The abstract summarizing the
essential features of the review or research article should
not exceed 250 words, and 150 words for letters and drug clinical
trial studies and must include information regarding patents.
6. Keywords: Authors must provide 6 to 8
keywords in alphabetical order.
7. Text Organization: The main text should
begin on a separate page and should be divided into title
page, abstract and the main text. The text may be subdivided
further according to the areas to be discussed, which should
be followed by the Acknowledgement (if any) and Reference
sections. The Review Article should mention any previous important,
recent and old reviews in the field and contain a comprehensive
discussion starting with the general background of the field.
It should then go on to discuss the salient features of recent
developments along with relevant patents. The authors should
avoid presenting material which has already been published
in a previous review. The authors are advised to present and
discuss their observations in brief. The manuscript style
must be uniform throughout the text and 10pt Times New Roman
fonts should be used. The full term for an abbreviation should
precede its first appearance in the text unless it is a standard
unit of measurement. Italics should be used for Binomial names
of organisms (Genus and Species), for emphasis and for unfamiliar
words or phrases. Non-assimilated words from Latin or other
languages should also be italicized e.g. per se, et al.,
in vitro, in vivo, in situ, etc.
Protection of Human Subjects and Animals in Research
(For Biomedical Only): When reporting experiments
involving human subjects, authors should indicate whether
the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical
standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation
(institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration
of 1975, as revised in 2000.
For research involving animals, authors should indicate whether
the procedures followed were in accordance with the standards
set forth in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory
Animals(published by the National Academy of Science, National
Academy Press, Washington, D.C.).
For Research Articles, the manuscript should begin with the
title page and abstract followed by the main text, which must
be structured into separate sections as Introduction, Material
and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Current &
Future Developments, Conflict of Interest, Acknowledgements
and References. The patent registration number and
patent authority of the author's intellectual property must
be cited in the article.
Patent Review Coverage: Authors
should review the most recent and important patents based
on the topic covered. Coverage of novel inventions, methods,
techniques and designs in all areas of electrical engineering
should be emphasized, including the significance of the reported
patents.
Current & Future Developments:
The review / research article should conclude with a short
section called “Current & Future Developments”.
The author(s) will give their opinion on the current and future
important developments on the topic discussed in their article.
Symbols and Units: Greek symbols
and special characters often undergo formatting changes and
get corrupted or lost during preparation of a manuscript for
publication. To ensure that all special characters used are
embedded in the text, these special characters should be inserted
as a symbol but should not be a result of any format styling
(Symbol font face) otherwise they will be lost during the
conversion to PDF/XML.
Authors are encouraged to consult reporting guidelines. These
guidelines provide a set of recommendations comprising a list
of items relevant to their specific research design.
Only ISO symbols, written in italic, should be used for the
various parameters. All kinds of measurements should be reported
only in International System of Units (SI). SI units should
always be written in Roman and separated from the numerical
value by a space (whatever the language).
The µ in µg or µm should be in Roman. The
symbol for litre is L and that for minute is min. For temperature,
please use only one of °C, °F or K in the entire manuscript.
As the Angström (1#Å = 10-10
m) is not an SI unit, it should be replaced by the nanometre
(1nm = 10-9 m) or by the
picometer (1pm = 10-12 m):
1# Å = 0.1nm = 100 pm. Multiple units should be written
with negative superscripts (for example, 25mgµL-1
µs-1). The list of
notations should appear just before the first paragraph of
full text.
A list of symbols and units should be provided if used extensively
throughout the text.
8. List of Abbreviations: If abbreviations
are used in the text either they should be defined in the
text where first used, or a list of abbreviations can be provided.
9. Acknowledgements: Financial contributions
to the work being reported should be clearly acknowledged.
Please acknowledge anyone (individual/company/institution)
who has contributed to the study by making substantial contributions
to conception, design, acquisition of data, or analysis and
interpretation of data, or who was involved in drafting the
manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual
content. Please list the source(s) of funding for the study,
for each author, and for the manuscript preparation in the
acknowledgement section.
10. Conflict of Interest: Any potential
conflict of interest should be clearly acknowledged. No patents
should be cited by authors that are in various stages of legal
litigation.
11. References: References must be listed
in IEEE style only. All references should be numbered sequentially
[in square brackets] in the text and listed in the same numerical
order in the reference section. The reference numbers must
be finalized and the bibliography must be fully formatted
before submission. The author will be responsible for the
accuracy and completeness of the references.
See below few examples of references listed in the correct IEEE style:
Journal:
[1] G. Liu, K. Y. Lee and H. F. Jordan, "TDM and TWDM de Bruijn
networks and shufflenets for optical communications", IEEE
Trans. Comp., Vol. 46, pp. 695-701, June 1997.
Book:
[2] S. M. Hemmingsen, Soft Science. Saskatoon: University of Saskatchewan Press, 1997.
[3] A. Rezi and M. Allam, "Techniques in Array Processing
by Means of Transformations," In Control and Dynamic Systems,
Multidimensional Systems, C. T. Leondes, Ed. San Diego:
Academic Press, Vol. 69, 1995, pp. 133-180.
Edited Book:
[4] D. Sarunyagate, Ed., Lasers. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.
Conference Proceedings:
[5] N. Osifchin and G. Vau, "Power considerations for the
modernization of telecommunications in Central and Eastern
European and former Soviet Union (CCE/FSU) countries", In
Second International Telecommunication Energy Special
Conference Special Conference, Budapest, Hungary,1997,
pp. 9-16.
Patent::
[6] K. Kimura and A. Lipeles, "Fuzzy Controller Component,"
U. S. Patent 14,860,040, December 14, 1996.
Thesis:
[7] H. Zhang, "Delay-insensitive networks", M.S. thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, 1997.
Electronic Publication:
E-Books:
[8] L. Bass, P. Clements and R. Kazman. Software Architecture
in Practice, 2nd ed. Reading,
MA: Addison Wesley, 2003. [E book] Available From: Safari
e-book. [Accessed: Sept. 18, 2004].
E-Journals:
[9] P. H. C. Eilers and J. J. Goeman, "Enhancing scatterplots
with smoothed densities", Bioinformatics, vol. 20,
no. 5, pp. 623-628, March 2004. [Online] Available From: www.oxfordjournals.org.
[Accessed: Sept. 18, 2004].
E-citations:
[10] Citations for articles/material published exclusively online or in open access (free-to-view), must contain the exact Web addresses (URLs) at the end of the reference(s), except those posted on an author's Web site unless editorially essential.
12. Tables:
• Data tables should be submitted in Microsoft Word
table format.
• Each table should include a title/caption being explanatory
in itself with respect to the details discussed in the table.
Detailed legends may then follow.
• Table number in bold font i.e. Table 1,
should follow a title. The title should be in small case with
the first letter in caps. A full stop should be placed at
the end of the title.
• Tables should be embedded in the text exactly according
to their appropriate placement in the submitted manuscript.
• Columns and rows of data should be made visibly distinct
by ensuring that the borders of each cell are displayed as
black lines.
• Tables should be numbered in Arabic numerals sequentially
in order of their citation in the body of the text.
• If a reference is cited in both the table and text,
please insert a lettered footnote in the table to refer to
the numbered reference in the text.
• Tabular data provided as additional files can be submitted
as an Excel spreadsheet.
13. Figures/Illustrations: The quality
of the illustrations printed in the journal largely depends
on the quality of the figures/illustration provided by the
author. The acceptance of a manuscript for publication is
subject to the figures being up to the highest standards in
terms of clarity and resolution. In case, the figures supplied
are not up to the standards required, the authors will be
given the option to either return the manuscripts within one
week with appropriate drawings/figures or they may opt to
have these professionally prepared through the paid professional
service available from Bentham Publishing Services.
The authors should provide the illustrations as separate files,
as well as embedded in the text file, numbered consecutively
in the order of their appearance. Each figure should include
a single illustration. Each figure should be closely cropped
to minimize the amount of white space surrounding the illustration.
If a figure consists of separate parts, it is important that
a single composite illustration file be submitted, containing
all parts of the figure.
Photographs should be provided with a scale
bar if appropriate, as well as high-resolution component files.
Scaling/Resolution:
For Line Art image type, which
is generally an image based on lines and text and does not
contain tonal or shaded areas, the preferred file format is
TIFF or EPS, with color mode being Monochrome 1-bit or RGB,
in a resolution of 900-1200 dpi.
For Halftone image type, which is generally
a continuous tone photograph and contains no text, the preferred
file format is TIFF, with color mode being or RGB or Grayscale,
in a resolution of 300 dpi.
For Combination image type, which is generally
an image containing halftone in addition to text or line art
elements, the preferred file format is TIFF, with colour mode
being or RGB or Grayscale, in a resolution of 500-900 dpi.
Formats:
For illustrations, the following file formats are acceptable:
• Illustrator
• EPS (preferred format for diagrams)
• PDF (also especially suitable for diagrams)
• PNG (preferred format for photos or images)
• Microsoft Word (version 5 and above; figures must
be a single page)
• PowerPoint (figures must be a single page)
• TIFF
• JPEG (conversion should be done using the original
file)
• BMP
• CDX (ChemDraw)
• TGF (ISISDraw)
Bentham Science does not process figures submitted
in GIF format.
If the large size of TIFF or EPS figures
acts as an obstacle to online submission, authors may find
that conversion to JPEG format before submission results in
significantly reduced file size and upload time, while retaining
acceptable quality. JPEG is a 'lossy' format, however in order
to maintain acceptable image quality, it is recommended that
JPEG files are saved at high or maximum quality.
Files should not be compressed with tools such as Zipit or
Stuffit prior to submission as these tools will in any case
produce negligible file-size savings for JPEGs and TIFFs,
which are already compressed.
Please do not:
1. Supply embedded graphics in your word processor (spreadsheet,
presentation) document;
2. Supply files that are optimized for screen use (like GIF,
BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low;
3. Supply files that are too low in resolution;
4. Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the
content.
Image Conversion Tools:
There are many software packages, many of them freeware or
shareware, capable of converting to and from different graphics
formats, including PNG.
Good general tools for image conversion include
GraphicConverter on the Macintosh, PaintShop Pro, for Windows,
and ImageMagick, which is available on Macintosh, Windows
and UNIX platforms.
Note that bitmap images (e.g. screenshots) should not be converted
to EPS, since this will result in a much larger file size
than the equivalent JPEG, TIFF, PNG or BMP, with no increase
in quality. EPS should only be used for images produced by
vector-drawing applications such as Adobe Illustrator or CorelDraw.
Most vector-drawing applications can be saved in, or exported
as, EPS format. In case the images have been originally prepared
in an Office application, such as Word or PowerPoint, then
the original Office files should be directly uploaded to the
site, instead of being converted to JPEG or another format
that may be of low quality.
Color Figures/Illustrations:
• Color figures publication in the journal:
The cost for the first published page of color figures is
US$ 965; the second additional page will
be for US$ 705 and each subsequent page for
US$ 480.
• Reprints of pages containing colored
illustrations will be charged at US$ 186
for each color page per 100 reprints.
14. Chemical Structures: Chemical structures
MUST be prepared in ChemDraw (CDX) and provided as separate
file.
Structure Drawing Preferences:
[As according to the ACS style sheet]
Drawing Settings:
Chain angle 120°
Bond spacing 18% of width
Fixed length 14.4 pt (0.500cm,
0.2in)
Bold width 2.0
pt (0.071cm, 0.0278in)
Line width 0.6
pt (0.021cm, 0.0084in)
Margin width 1.6 pt (0.096cm)
Hash spacing 2.5 pt (0.088cm, 0.0347in)
Text settings:
Font Times
New Roman
Size 8
pt
Under the Preference Choose:
Units points
Tolerances 3 pixels
Under Page Setup Use:
Paper US
letter
Scale 100%
15. Supportive/Supplementary Material: We
do encourage to append supportive material, for example a
PowerPoint file containing a talk about the study, a PowerPoint
file containing additional screenshots, a Word, RTF, or PDF
document showing the original instrument(s) used, a video,
or the original data (SAS/SPSS files, Excel files, Access
Db files etc.) provided it is inevitable or endorsed
by the journal's Editor.
Supportive / Supplementary material intended for publication
must be numbered and referred to in the manuscript but should
not be a part of the submitted paper. In-text citations as
well as a section with the heading "Supportive / Supplementary
Material" before the "References" section should
be provided. Here, all Supportive / Supplementary Material
should be listed a brief caption line for each file describing
its contents must be included.
Any additional files will be linked into the final published
article in the form supplied by the author, but will not be
displayed within the paper. They will be made available in
exactly the same form as originally provided only
on our website. Please also make sure that each additional
file is a single table, figure or movie (please do not upload
linked worksheets or PDF files larger than one sheet). Supportive/
Supplementary material must be provided in a single zipped
file not larger than 4 MB.
Authors must clearly indicate if these files
are not for publication but meant for the reviewers'/editors'
perusal only.
PERMISSION FOR REPRODUCTION: Published/reproduced
material should not be included unless written permission
has been obtained from the copyright holder, which should
be forwarded to the Editorial Office in case of acceptance
of the article for publication.
For obtaining permission of reproducing any material published
in an article by Bentham Science Publishers, please
fill in the request FORM
and send to qasit@benthamscience.org
for consideration.
REVIEWING AND PROMPTNESS OF PUBLICATION:
All papers submitted for publication are immediately subjected
to editorial scrutiny, usually in consultation with members
of the journal Editorial Advisory Board and outside independent
reviewers. Every effort will be made to peer review submitted
papers quickly. Papers which are delayed by authors in revision
for more than 30 days will have to be re-submitted as a new
submission. Papers accepted for publication are typeset and
proofs are dispatched to authors for any corrections prior
to final publication.
PAGE CHARGES: No page charges will be levied
to the authors.
LANGUAGE AND EDITING: Manuscripts
submitted containing many English typographical errors will
not be published. Manuscripts which are accepted for publication
on condition that the written English submitted is corrected,
will be sent a quote by Eureka
Science, a professional language editing company. Authors
from non-English language countries who have poor English
language written skills, are advised to contact the language
editing company prior to submitting their manuscript to the
journal. Please contact Eureka
Science for a language editing quote at e-mail: info@eureka-science.com
stating the total number of words of the article to be edited.
PROOFS: Authors will receive page proofs of their
accepted paper before publications. To avoid delays in publication,
proofs should be checked immediately for typographical errors
and returned within 48 hours. Major changes are not acceptable
at the proof stage. If unable to send corrections within 48
hours due to some reason, the author(s) must at least send
an acknowledgement on receiving the galley proofs or the article
will be published exactly as received and the publishers will
not be responsible for any error occurring in the published
manuscript in this regard.
The corresponding author will be solely responsible
for ensuring that the revised version of the manuscript incorporating
all the submitted corrections receives the approval of all
the co-authors of the manuscript.
REPRINTS: Each first-named (corresponding)
author will receive electronically five free e-reprints of
their published article. Printed reprints may be ordered from
the Publisher prior to publication of the article. First named
authors may also order a personal print and online subscription
of the journal at 50% off the normal subscription rate by
contacting the subscription department at e-mail: subscriptions@benthamscience.org
OPEN ACCESS PLUS: Accepted articles can be
published online for free open access for all to view. Open
access publishing provides the maximum dissemination of the
article to the largest audience. Authors must pay for this
service. All corresponding authors will be asked to indicate
whether or not they wish to pay to have their paper made freely
available on publication. If authors do not select the Open
Access option, then their article will be published with standard
subscription-based access at no charge.
Bentham Science offers authors the choice of open access publication
of their articles at a fee of US$ 2,200 per published article
which allows indefinite free-to-view online publication with
Bentham Science.
For more information please contact us at e-mail: openaccess@benthamscience.org.
COPYRIGHT: Authors who publish in Bentham
Science Journals will transfer copyright to their work
to Bentham Science Publishers. Submission of a manuscript
to the respective journals implies that all authors have read
and agreed to the content of the Covering Letter or the Terms
and Conditions. It is a condition of publication that manuscripts
submitted to this journal have not been published and will
not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. Plagiarism
is strictly forbidden, and by submitting the article for publication
the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right
to take appropriate action against the authors, if plagiarism
or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript
the authors agree that the copyright of their article is transferred
to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for
publication. Once submitted to the journal, the author will
not withdraw their manuscript at any stage prior to publication.
PLAGIARISM PREVENTION: Bentham Science Publisher uses the iThenticate software to detect instances of overlapping and similar text in submitted manuscripts. iThenticate software checks content uploaded by a journal editorial office against a database of periodicals, the Internet, and a comprehensive article database. It generates a similarity report, including the percentage overlap between the uploaded article and published material. Any instances of content overlap are treated according to a journal's peer review integrity statement and the policies recommended by the editorial Committee. You are assured that the publisher, where you are submitting your manuscript, is committed to actively combating plagiarism and publishing original research.
E-PUB AHEAD-OF-SCHEDULE: Bentham
Science Publishers are pleased to offer electronic publication
of accepted papers prior to scheduled publication. These peer-reviewed
papers can be cited using the date of access and the unique
DOI number. Any final changes in manuscripts will be made
at the time of print publication and will be reflected in
the final electronic version of the issue. Articles ahead
of schedule may be ordered by pay-per-view at the relevant
links by each article stated via the E-Pub Ahead
of Schedule (http://www.benthamscience.com/eeng/E-Pub-Ahead-of-Schedule.htm).
Disclaimer: Articles appearing
in E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule sections have been peer-reviewed
and accepted for publication in this journal and posted online
before scheduled publication. Articles appearing here may
contain statements, opinions, and information that have errors
in facts, figures, or interpretation. Accordingly, Bentham
Science Publishers, the editors and authors and their
respective employees are not responsible or liable for the
use of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or
information contained of articles in the E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule.
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