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Circadian Cycle and Chronotherapeutics: Recent Trend for the Treatment of Various Biological Disorders
Rupali Singh, Pramod K. Sharma and Rishabha Malviya
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00001]


New Perspectives in the Management of Post-Surgical Macular Edema
Francesco Bandello, Maurizio Battaglia Parodi, Francesco Fasce, Gianluigi Bolognesi, Paolo Mauceri, Alessandra Spinelli and Karl A. Knutsson
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00002]


Recent Advances in Asymmetric Membrane Capsule Based Osmotic Pump: A Patent Overview
Alpesh Patel, Tarak Mehta, Jimish Patel, Mukesh Patel, Kanu Patel and Natvarlal Patel
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00003]


Systemic Delivery of siRNA: Challenging but Promising
Chenchen Wang and Qinghui Zhou
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00004]


Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders Employing Nanoparticles
Carlos Spuch, Ortolano Saida and Carmen Navarro
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00005]


Patents Review in siRNA Delivery for Pulmonary Disorders
Nirav I. Khatri, Mohan N. Rathi, Atul A. Kolte, Girish G. Kore, Manisha S. Lalan, Sonia Trehan and Ambikanandan R. Misra
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00006]


Recent Patents in Pressurised Metered Dose Inhalers
Touraj Ehtezazi
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00007]

Abstracts

Circadian Cycle and Chronotherapeutics: Recent Trend for the Treatment of Various Biological Disorders
Rupali Singh, Pramod K. Sharma and Rishabha Malviya
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00001]

Chronotherapeutics is a novel approach in the treatment of various biological disorders. Circadian rhythms are the important factor in the biological cycle through which the drug dosing should be matched with the rhythms of the diseases for the successful treatment of the illness or the disorder. Through this review it shows that different chronotherapeutic approaches have been successfully employed for treating different biological disorders through different formulation methods, and discussion of recent patents.
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New Perspectives in the Management of Post-Surgical Macular Edema
Francesco Bandello, Maurizio Battaglia Parodi, Francesco Fasce, Gianluigi Bolognesi, Paolo Mauceri, Alessandra Spinelli and Karl A. Knutsson
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00002]

Post-surgical macular edema is the most common cause of vision loss after phacoemulsification, and one of the main causes of reduced vision in patients undergoing other ocular surgery. At present, there are no reliable randomized clinical trials specifically designed to define the best therapeutic approach, and little information is available regarding the treatment algorithm of acute or chronic forms. As a consequence, there is no agreement regarding the current management of post-surgical macular edema. Many therapeutic options have been proposed on the basis of the hypothesized pathogenetic mechanism of post-surgical macular edema. New therapies for post-surgical macular edema include non-steroidal anti-flammatory drugs and intraocular steroid implants. Aim of the review is to update the current management of postsurgical macular edema, reporting on the most recent therapeutic advances. In particular, we discuss the potential applications of recent patents with topical and intravitreal drugs
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Recent Advances in Asymmetric Membrane Capsule Based Osmotic Pump: A Patent Overview
Alpesh Patel, Tarak Mehta, Jimish Patel, Mukesh Patel, Kanu Patel and Natvarlal Patel
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00003]

Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in constantly changing, unpredictable plasma concentrations. Drugs can be delivered in a controlled pattern over a long period of time by the process of osmosis. Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based systems for controlled drug delivery. They are the most reliable controlled drug delivery systems and could be employed as oral drug delivery systems. The present review is concerned with the study of drug release through asymmetric membrane capsule systems. When these systems are exposed to water, low levels of water soluble additive are leached from polymeric material i.e. the semipermeable membrane and the drug releases in a controlled manner over an extended period of time. Drug delivery from this system is not influenced by the different physiological factors within the gut lumen and the release characteristics can be predicted easily from the known properties of the drug and the dosage form. This patent review is useful in the knowledge of asymmetric membrane capsule osmotic pump for its application.
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Systemic Delivery of siRNA: Challenging but Promising
Chenchen Wang and Qinghui Zhou
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00004]

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a small, double-stranded RNA molecule that can suppress expression of specific genes. It will be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of viral and genetic diseases, and cancer. However, it is extremely challenging to systemically deliver siRNA to the intended sites of action due to a variety of extracellular and intracellular barriers. Over the past decade, many novel patents have been developed to improve delivery efficiency and therapeutic efficacy of siRNA. The features of the carriers and technologies for systemic delivery of siRNA in these patents are summarized, and their clinical applications are discussed in this review.
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Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders Employing Nanoparticles
Carlos Spuch, Ortolano Saida and Carmen Navarro
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00005]

Nanoparticles could potentially revolutionise treatment for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and strokes. Nanotechnologies hold great promise in brain therapy as they protect the therapeutic agent and allow its sustained release; the nanoparticles can be used as gene delivery vehicles. The application of neurotrophic factors is able to modulate neuronal survival and synaptic connectivity and it is a promising therapeutic approach for many neurodegenerative diseases, however, due to limitations posed by the restrictive blood brain barrier (BBB), it is very difficult to ensure long-term administration in the brain. Drug delivery to the brain remains the major challenge for the treatment of all neurodegenerative diseases because of the numerous protective barriers surrounding the central nervous system (CNS). New therapeutics with the capacity to cross the BBB is critically needed for treatment of these diseases. In recent years, nanotechnology had patented new formulations and has evolved as a new treatment for brain diseases, especially for neurodegenerative diseases, where genetically engineered cells can be used to deliver specific growth factors to target cells.
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Patents Review in siRNA Delivery for Pulmonary Disorders
Nirav I. Khatri, Mohan N. Rathi, Atul A. Kolte, Girish G. Kore, Manisha S. Lalan, Sonia Trehan and Ambikanandan R. Misra
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00006]

siRNA inhibits protein expression by degrading complementary mRNA sequence and hence, it is widely applicable for the treatment of various diseases where single or multiple gene knock down is necessary. Due to the severity and lethality of pulmonary diseases, siRNA has been focused for improved health in these diseases. Pulmonary accumulation of siRNA can be achieved by different means like intranasal or inhalation administration or intratracheal route which is mainly utilized for in vivo animal studies. However, various pulmonary obstacles and intracellular barriers for siRNA transport challenge this novel therapeutic moiety. Researchers have utilized different viral and non-viral delivery vectors for intracellular delivery of siRNA to knock down target mRNA. The promise of RNA interference, mediated by siRNAs, has revolutionized the prospects for modulating gene expression as a way to achieve therapeutic aims in disease treatment. This review focuses on patents describing the siRNA delivery either in naked form or along with a single/multiple delivery vectors. Many inventors have shown promising results for pulmonary utilization of siRNA and more concentration on delivery system may make this genomic approach available to the clinics soon.
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Recent Patents in Pressurised Metered Dose Inhalers
Touraj Ehtezazi
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/DDF/E-Pub/00007]

In this paper recent patents in pressurised metered dose inhalers have been reviewed. The patents are related to novel valves, dose-counters, formulations, add-on devices, reduction of propellant leakage and inkjet technology. Recently patented dose-counters provide mechanisms that are less susceptible to inaccuracy, and are battery-less electronic dose-counters with the help of miniature electromechanical generators. Regarding the formulation aspect, recent patents provide methods for combinational pMDIs and more stable products. Advantages of recently patented valves are being spring-free and less subject to loss of prime. Recent developments in micromachining have allowed patents that incorporate inkjet technology to develop inhalers that are similar to pMDIs, but produce uniform aerosol droplets. Coating canisters with suitable polymers has reduced need for excipients. Recently patented add-on devices reduce aerosol deposition in the spacer by creating turbulence on the walls of the chamber. Blockage of nozzles in actuators is prevented by providing tapered nozzle channels. In conclusion, these patents show better understanding of pMDIs and provide methods to achieve products with much improved reliability, aerosol performance and stability.
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