E-Pub Ahead of Schedule: Bentham Science Publishers are pleased to offer electronic publication of accepted papers prior to scheduled publication. These peer-reviewed papers can be cited using the date of access and the unique DOI number. Any final changes in manuscripts will be made at the time of print publication and will be reflected in the final electronic version of the issue. Articles ahead of schedule may be ordered by pay-per-view at the relevant links below, or alternatively if not available at the time, be requested by completing the available inquiry form.

Disclaimer: Articles appearing in E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule sections have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication in this journal and posted online before scheduled publication. Articles appearing here may contain statements, opinions, and information that have errors in facts, figures, or interpretation. Accordingly, Bentham Science Publishers, the editors and authors and their respective employees are not responsible or liable for the use of any such inaccurate or misleading data, opinion or information contained of articles in the E-Pub Ahead-of-Schedule.




Design and In-Silico Molecular Docking Analysis of Some Novel Benzimidazoles
Chhajed SANTOSH S., Upasani CHANDRASHEKAR D.
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00013]


Inflammation and Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Development with Focusing on Potential New Drug Targets
Generoso UOMO
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00014]


TAKAYASU´S ARTERITIS AND PARAOXONASE IN A MEXICAN POPULATION
Ma. Elena Soto Claudia Huesca-Gomez Vicente Castrejon-Tellez
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00015]


Naproxen: An Update On Physicochemical, Analytical And Pharmacological
Prabodh Chander Sharma
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00016]


An overview of the actions of capsaicin and its receptor, TRPV1, and small primary sensory neurons
Akio Hiura Hiroshi Nakagawa
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00018]


Sensory Nerves and Mast cells
Fatma Tore Nese Tuncel
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00019]




Abstracts



Design and In-Silico Molecular Docking Analysis of Some Novel Benzimidazoles
Chhajed SANTOSH S., Upasani CHANDRASHEKAR D.
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00013]

Present investigation describes structure based design of some novel selective COX-II inhibitors. Designed benzimidazoles are docked in to active site of Cyclooxygenase II. Ligands are designed based on the structure of receptor, COX-II and known NSAID Celecoxib. In- Silico docking analysis of designed ligands are performed to predict binding modes, orientations and affinity of ligands for enzyme COX-II. Ligands number 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 are having less binding energy in kj/mole and said to possess more affinity for receptor than other molecules and celecoxib.
[Back to top]


Inflammation and Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Development with Focusing on Potential New Drug Targets
Generoso UOMO
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00014]

Chronic inflammation has been identified as a significant factor in the carcinogenesis of various tumors, including pancreatic cancer. Both hereditary and classical forms of chronic pancreatitis are associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Cytokines and other mediators of the inflammatory process together with an up-regulation of pro-inflammatory pathways play a pivotal role into the stimulation of oncogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis. The presence of a strong desmoplastic reaction within and around pancreatic cancer cells renders the proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix components an essential process for tumor invasion and metastasis. Various classes of proteases produced by the pancreatic acinar cells are involved in these proteolytic events. The multiple link between inflammation and pancreatic cancer may represent the basis for a novel antineoplastic strategy. Cytokines, proteases, reactive-oxygen-species, cyclo-oxygenase-2, nuclear-factor-kB and perixosome proliferator-activated receptor-γ may be a new molecular targets useful for therapeutic purpose.
[Back to top]


TAKAYASU´S ARTERITIS AND PARAOXONASE IN A MEXICAN POPULATION
Ma. Elena Soto Claudia Huesca-Gomez Vicente Castrejon-Tellez
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00015]

Background. Takayasu’s arteritis (TA), also known as pulseless disease, is a chronic inflammation that affects the large vessels, many factors have been associated to it; however, its etiology is still unknown. Human serum paraoxonase hydrolyzes oxidized lipids into low density lipoproteins and could therefore be associated with the prevalence of inflammation processes.
Methods. In the present study, 58 patients with TA and 173 clinically healthy unrelated Mexican individuals were studied. No differences existed in the clinical parameters between both groups. The PON1 polymorphism was determined by the TaqMan real time polymerase chain reaction method. PON1 activity was assessed spectrophotometrically by paraoxon (p-nitrophenylphosphate) hydrolysis.

Results. In TA patients, the frequency of PON1192R allele (51% vs. 39%, pC = 0.043, OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.03-2.47), PON155M allele (21% vs. 7%, pC = 0.0001, OR = 3.80, 95% CI = 2.03-7.10), and PON1-108C (60.1% vs. 46% pC = 0.011, OR 1.79 (95%CI = 1.15-2.79) increased significantly with respect to healthy controls. PON1 activity was significantly lower for PON1192 in TA vs. controls (147.4 ± 58.4 vs. 294.8 ± 146.4 µmol.min-1.ml-1, p < 0.05), showing a decreasing activity accord to genotypes, QQ>QR>RR, in TA patients and an increasing activity in control subjects.

Conclusions. These results show a higher frequency of PON1192R, PON155M, and PON1-108C alleles and reduced PON1 activities in TA patients; these could be factors contributing to the development of Takayasu´s arteritis

[Back to top]


Naproxen: An Update On Physicochemical, Analytical And Pharmacological
Prabodh Chander Sharma
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00016]

Naproxen is a propionic acid derivative related to the arylacetic acid group. This drug is one of the most popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. It is a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor and is advocated for use in painful and inflammatory rheumatic and non-rheumatic conditions. In low risk patients, naproxen and ibuprofen may be the first choice agents because they are effective, well tolerated and inexpensive. Naproxen is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract with an in vivo bioavailability of 95% and elimination half-life is 12 to 17 h. It has a volume of distribution of 0.16 L/Kg and at therapeutic levels, it is more than 99% albumin-bound. Although introduced long back, several efforts have been done to develop its prodrugs and analytical procedures. The current article describes chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, interactions and contraindications of naproxen. A special emphasis is laid on the review of recent literature of various prodrugs synthesized and analytical methods developed for determination of naproxen in pharmaceutical preparations
[Back to top]


An overview of the actions of capsaicin and its receptor, TRPV1, and small primary sensory neurons
Akio Hiura Hiroshi Nakagawa
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00018]

The specific actions of capsaicin on the small primary afferent neurons with regard to neurogenic inflammation and plasma extravasation are examined in this review. First, a short history of the study of capsaicin is introduced from the viewpoint of the efferent function of capsaicin-sensitive nerve fibers. Agonist (resiniferatoxin) and antagonists (capsazepine and ruthenium red) of capsaicin are referred, to better understand the action of the drug. The significance of the discovery of capsaicin receptor, TRPV1, and its characteristic features (plymodal receptor)are discussed based on recent reports, although the sensitization or desensitization mechanisms are not yet resolved. This review also briefly deals with the therapeutic use of capsaicin and its agonist and antagonist for relief pain. Whether or not capsaicin-sensitive nerve fibers are involved in itching is examined by a recent literature survey. TRPV1-expressing nerve fibers were recently reported to be responsible for the itching sensation. Three possble itching pathways were raised. The participation of pure sensory nerve fibers which exclusively transmit itchiness has not been found, as yet.
[Back to top]


Sensory Nerves and Mast cells
Fatma Tore Nese Tuncel
[FULL-TEXT INQUIRY] [BSP/CMCAIAA/E-Pub/00019]

Mast cell and sensory nerve relation consists three indispensable conditions: proximity, communication and a shared view of life. Mast cells are found in all tissues of the human body, especially located closely to nerves. Proven not to be a random configuration, mast-nerve membrane to membrane contact is highly common. This, should be by fate rather than an accident since such spatial distributions mostly indicate a functional relationship. Mast cells associated to sensory nerves contain ammunitions of neuropeptides and also a range of neuropeptide receptors enabling nerve to mast cell, mast cell to nerve and reciprocal communications which form the basis of neuroimmune interfacing. Wondering about the possible effects of this intimacy and communication potential on several physiological and pathophysiological events, specifically on diseases with low success rate of therapy and mysterious mechanisms, sciencetists have discovered many aspects of mast-nerve interactions. In the light of these studies, from a focal point between nervous and immune systems mast cells almost cover all the perspective of collaboration as an indispensable building block of neuroimmune system.
[Back to top]