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Iodine in mammary and prostate pathologies
Brenda Anguiano and Carmen Aceves
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00001]
Thyroid: Iodine Beyond the Thyronines
Guillermo J. Juvenal, Lisa Thomasz, Romina Oglio, Marina
Perona, Mario A. Pisarev, Luiciano Rossich, Leonardo Salvarredi
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00002]
Antiproliferative effects of Molecular Iodine in cancers
Torremante P and Rösner H.
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00003]
Evolutionary Significance of Iodine
Sebastiano Venturi
[Abstract] [FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00004]
Abstracts
Iodine in mammary and prostate pathologies
Brenda Anguiano and Carmen Aceves
[FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00001]
A robust body of information supports the notion that moderately
high concentrations of iodine may reduce pathologies in several
tissues that concentrate iodine. This paper reviews evidence
showing iodine to be an antioxidant and apoptotic agent that
may contribute to the differentiation of normal mammary and
prostate glands. In animal and human studies, molecular iodine
(I2) supplements suppress
the development and size of both benign and malignant neoplasias
in these glands and significantly reduce cellular lipoperoxidation.
Iodine, in addition to its incorporation into thyroid hormones,
is bound to antiproliferative iodolipids called iodolactones,
which, in conjunction with peroxisome proliferator-activated
receptors, may play a role in controlling proliferative pathologies
in mammary and prostate glands. These studies are in line
with data demonstrating that the high consumption of iodine
by certain Asian populations such as in Japan (25 times more
than in the Occident) correlates with a low incidence of benign
and cancerous breast and prostate diseases. Based on our data
we proposed that an I2 supplement should be considered as
an adjuvant in the treatment of pathologies in breast and
prostate.
[Back to top]
Thyroid: Iodine Beyond the Thyronines
Guillermo J. Juvenal, Lisa Thomasz, Romina Oglio, Marina
Perona, Mario A. Pisarev, Luiciano Rossich, Leonardo Salvarredi
[FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00002]
Although thyroid gland function is mainly under the control
of pituitary TSH, other factors may also play a role in this
process. Iodine is not used only by the thyroid to synthesize
thyroid hormones but also directly influences a number of
parameters such as thyroid proliferation and function. Thyroid
autoregulation has been related to intraglandular content
of an unknown putative iodocompound. The thyroid is capable
of producing different iodolipids such as 6-iodo-deltalactone
(ILδ)
and 2-iodohexadecanal (2-IHDA). Data from different laboratories
have shown that these iodolipids can inhibit several thyroid
parameters suggesting that these compounds may be the intermediates
in the thyroid autoregulation process.
[Back to top]
Antiproliferative effects of Molecular Iodine in cancers
Torremante P and Rösner H.
[FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00003]
Iodine is a scarce element in soil that is essential for human
beings. It constitutes the basis of thyroid hormones, which
are important for mammalian metabolism and development and
are indispensable for fetal brain development. Iodine deficiency
causes multiple disorders and is still the major cause of
endemic cretinism. Comparison of different national cancer
statistics led to the supposition that there might be an inverse
correlation between iodine intake and cancer prevalence. Asian
countries which traditionally have an extremely high iodine
intake in daily diet, attributable to seaweed consumption,
attract attention by having a lower average cancer incidence
rate. Today, based on extensive animal and cell experiments,
it had been shown that iodine in form of molecular iodine
undoubtedly exerts antitumor effects by inducing apoptosis.
Although first analyses were performed with breast cancer
cells exclusively, the antitumor effects of molecular iodine
were extended by us to a wider range of other tumors, confirming
that the antitumor effect is not limited solely to breast
cancer.
[Back to top]
Evolutionary Significance of Iodine
Sebastiano Venturi
[FULL-TEXT
INQUIRY] [BSP/CCB/E-Pub/00004]
The significance of inorganic and organic forms of iodine
in the evolution of plants and animals is reviewed. Iodine
is one of the most electron-rich atoms in the diet of marine
and terrestrial organisms, and it enters cells via iodide
transporters. Iodide, which acts as a primitive electron donor
through peroxidase enzymes, has an ancestral antioxidant function
in all iodide-concentrating cells from primitive marine algae
to more recent terrestrial vertebrates. Similarly, thyroxine
and iodothyronines show antioxidant activities through deiodinase
enzymes. About 500-600 million years ago, in parallel with
the evolution of the primitive brain in marine animals, thyroid
cells originated from the primitive gut in vertebrates, migrated,
and specialized in the uptake and storage of iodo-compounds
in a novel follicular “thyroidal” structure, an
adaptation that enabled the transition from the iodine-rich
ocean to the iodine-deficient terrestrial environment.
[Back to top]
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